[
 {
  "id": "bimo2026repetition",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Repetition, Rumination, and Determinism: Exploring the Temporal Logic of QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Bimo",
    "given": "Sara"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "International Journal of Communication",
  "volume": "20",
  "page": "1908-1931",
  "DOI": "10.65476/bd6fgw84",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.65476/bd6fgw84",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "bozalka2026ethnographie",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Une ethnographie en ligne computationnelle des influenceurs complotistes : Identifier les pratiques des Anons européens",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Bozalka",
    "given": "Dusan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Questions de communication",
  "publisher": "OpenEdition",
  "volume": "49",
  "page": "357-384",
  "DOI": "10.4000/16eby",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "campisi2026hashtag",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "QAnon's hashtag hijacking strategies and engagement dynamics across discursive themes on Twitter: Negative Binomial models of online visibility",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Campisi",
    "given": "Francesco C."
   },
   {
    "family": "Fortin",
    "given": "Francis"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Technology in Society",
  "volume": "86",
  "page": "103296",
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103296",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103296",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "cohen2026patterned",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Patterned Radicalization: User Behavior Analysis and Antisemitic Language in QAnon Subreddits",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Cohen",
    "given": "Noah D."
   },
   {
    "family": "Antonaros",
    "given": "Peter"
   },
   {
    "family": "Weinberg",
    "given": "Dana B."
   },
   {
    "family": "Levy",
    "given": "Meyer"
   },
   {
    "family": "Kopstein",
    "given": "Jeffrey S."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Information",
  "volume": "17",
  "issue": "2",
  "page": "179",
  "DOI": "10.3390/info17020179",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.3390/info17020179",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "conner2026conspirituality",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Conspirituality in Sport: How QAnon, White Supremacist Ideology, and Other Nonscientific-Based Ideas Came to Infiltrate the Sports World",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Conner",
    "given": "Christopher T."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Sociology of Sport Journal",
  "volume": "43",
  "issue": "1",
  "page": "91-102",
  "DOI": "10.1123/ssj.2024-0216",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2024-0216",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "doan2026beyond",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Beyond the Rabbit Hole: Mapping the Relational Harms of QAnon Radicalization",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Doan",
    "given": "Bich Ngoc"
   },
   {
    "family": "De Francisci Morales",
    "given": "Gianmarco"
   },
   {
    "family": "Russo",
    "given": "Giuseppe"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026,
     1,
     25
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.17658 (accepted to EMNLP 2026)",
  "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17658",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "exline2026cosmic",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "The cosmic battle: Belief in a warrior god, a powerful devil, and a serious threat of hell relates to QAnon beliefs, generic conspiracist beliefs, and seeing political opponents as evil",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Exline",
    "given": "Julie J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Wilt",
    "given": "Joshua A."
   },
   {
    "family": "Schutt",
    "given": "William A."
   },
   {
    "family": "Moffitt",
    "given": "Andrew C."
   },
   {
    "family": "Pargament",
    "given": "Kenneth I."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Psychology of Religion and Spirituality",
  "DOI": "10.1037/rel0000611",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000611",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "exline2026christian",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Christian nationalism, fundamentalism, traditional masculinity beliefs, and authoritarian aggression: Do these “authority and order” variables predict QAnon belief?",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Exline",
    "given": "Julie J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Pait",
    "given": "Kathleen C."
   },
   {
    "family": "Keller",
    "given": "Yehudis"
   },
   {
    "family": "Wilt",
    "given": "Joshua A."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Psychology of Religion and Spirituality",
  "DOI": "10.1037/rel0000624",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1037/rel0000624",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "fiebig2026german",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "German Sovereign Citizens in the Fight Against the “Deep State”: The Adoption of QAnon Narratives in Germany",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Fiebig",
    "given": "Verena"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Studies in Conflict & Terrorism",
  "page": "1-17",
  "DOI": "10.1080/1057610x.2026.2617677",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610x.2026.2617677",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "hawkins2026fertile",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Fertile ground to problematic views? How dark and mainstream social media relate to conspiracy beliefs and fake news",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hawkins",
    "given": "Ian"
   },
   {
    "family": "Mede",
    "given": "Niels G."
   },
   {
    "family": "Chinn",
    "given": "Sedona"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Humanities and Social Sciences Communications",
  "volume": "13",
  "issue": "1",
  "page": "953",
  "DOI": "10.1057/s41599-026-07147-6",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-026-07147-6",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "kim2026networked",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Networked Counterpublics and Contentious Publicity: A Cross-Platform Analysis of QAnon on Parler and Twitter",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kim",
    "given": "Sang Jung"
   },
   {
    "family": "Foley",
    "given": "Jordan"
   },
   {
    "family": "Yang",
    "given": "Yunkang"
   },
   {
    "family": "Lee",
    "given": "Keyeun"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Political Communication",
  "page": "1-25",
  "DOI": "10.1080/10584609.2026.2708132",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2026.2708132",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "patane2026mothers",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Mothers of Conspiracy: Child Trafficking (Dis)information and the Politics of the Women of QAnon in the United States",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Patane",
    "given": "Christopher"
   },
   {
    "family": "Perry",
    "given": "Kate"
   },
   {
    "family": "Gibson",
    "given": "Tobias"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Politics & Gender",
  "page": "1-22",
  "DOI": "10.1017/s1743923x26100737",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743923x26100737",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "perezcaballero2026inspirar",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Inspirar y conspirar: Iconicidad, tecnologías y religiosidad de QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pérez Caballero",
    "given": "Jesús"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Andamios, Revista de Investigación Social",
  "volume": "23",
  "issue": "60",
  "page": "291-321",
  "DOI": "10.29092/uacm.v23i60.1258",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.29092/uacm.v23i60.1258",
  "language": "es"
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 {
  "id": "rasoulikolamaki2026multimodal",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Multimodal stance-taking and ideological alignment in online far-right anti-immigration discourse",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Rasoulikolamaki",
    "given": "Sahar"
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   {
    "family": "Mat Isa",
    "given": "Noor Aqsa Nabila"
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   {
    "family": "Zhdanava",
    "given": "Alena"
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   {
    "family": "Hardy",
    "given": "John"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
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     2026
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Language in Society",
  "page": "1-23",
  "DOI": "10.1017/s0047404526102346",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0047404526102346",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "westerman2026algorithm",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "What the Algorithm Wants: Amalia Ulman, Pastel QAnon, and the Structure of Digital Truth",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Westerman",
    "given": "Joshua"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The International Journal of the Arts in Society: Annual Review",
  "DOI": "10.18848/1833-1866/cgp/a909",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.18848/1833-1866/cgp/a909",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "alber2025disruptive",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Disruptive Stories, Narrative Literacy, and the Case of QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Alber",
    "given": "Jan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Narrative Theory",
  "volume": "55",
  "issue": "1",
  "page": "81-102",
  "DOI": "10.1353/jnt.2025.a961005",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1353/jnt.2025.a961005",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "becktel2025believing",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Believing in belonging: Rethinking organization–public relationships through the QAnon movement",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Becktel",
    "given": "Kalyca Lynn"
   },
   {
    "family": "Sweetser",
    "given": "Kaye D."
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Public Relations Review",
  "volume": "51",
  "issue": "5",
  "page": "102621",
  "DOI": "10.1016/j.pubrev.2025.102621",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2025.102621",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "burdick2025eventually",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Eventually we’ll take the stars: The QAnon Shaman, coloniality, and the conspiritual desire of the other",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Burdick",
    "given": "Jake"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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  },
  "container-title": "Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies",
  "volume": "47",
  "issue": "5",
  "page": "759-769",
  "DOI": "10.1080/10714413.2025.2577571",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2025.2577571",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "coduto2025imagined",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Imagined Interactions and Intrapsychic Relational Dissolution Processes among QAnon Nonbelievers",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Coduto",
    "given": "Kathryn D."
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   {
    "family": "Frampton",
    "given": "Jessica R."
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  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
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     2025
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  "container-title": "Imagination, Cognition and Personality",
  "volume": "45",
  "issue": "4",
  "page": "402-423",
  "DOI": "10.1177/02762366251369890",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02762366251369890",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "conner2025expressions",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Expressions of Belief in the QAnon Conspiracy Movement",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Conner",
    "given": "Christopher T."
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   {
    "family": "Hannah",
    "given": "Matthew N."
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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  "container-title": "Deviant Behavior",
  "page": "1-19",
  "DOI": "10.1080/01639625.2025.2556939",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.2025.2556939",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "demuru2025qanons",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "QAnons, antivacinas e influenciadores de bem-estar: uma perspectiva semiótico-discursiva sobre os vínculos entre teorias da conspiração, espiritualidade e wellness",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Demuru",
    "given": "Paolo"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Ephemera: Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Artes Cênicas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto",
  "volume": "8",
  "issue": "15",
  "DOI": "10.70446/ephemera.v8i15.8034",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.70446/ephemera.v8i15.8034",
  "language": "pt"
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  "id": "fountain2025presencing",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Presencing, Immersion, and Community: How Conspiracy Theory Belief Is Kindled Online",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Fountain",
    "given": "T. Kenny"
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   {
    "family": "Jennings",
    "given": "Chandler"
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    [
     2025
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  "container-title": "Nova Religio",
  "volume": "28",
  "issue": "3",
  "page": "79-103",
  "DOI": "10.1353/nvr.2025.a949121",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1353/nvr.2025.a949121",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "haupt2025examining",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Examining Online Social Support for Countering QAnon Conspiracies",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Haupt",
    "given": "Michael Robert"
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   {
    "family": "Larsen",
    "given": "Meng Zhen"
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   {
    "family": "Strayer",
    "given": "Michelle"
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   {
    "family": "Yang",
    "given": "Luning"
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   {
    "family": "Mackey",
    "given": "Tim K."
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025,
     1,
     28
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  "container-title": "arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.16668",
  "URL": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16668",
  "language": "en"
 },
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  "id": "king2025behold",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Behold—the Storm Cometh!: Prophecy, Revelation, and QAnon’s Great Disappointment",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "King",
    "given": "Shelby"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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  "container-title": "Journal of Religion and Violence",
  "volume": "10",
  "issue": "2",
  "page": "140-168",
  "DOI": "10.5840/jrv2025102/35",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5840/jrv2025102/35",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "nelson2025almost",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Almost, Beyond, or Alongside Fandom? An Alternative Frame for QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Nelson",
    "given": "Melissa"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings from the Document Academy",
  "volume": "12",
  "issue": "1",
  "DOI": "10.35492/docam/12/1/4",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.35492/docam/12/1/4",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "noble2025cueanon",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "CueAnon: What QAnon Signals About Congressional Candidates and What it Costs Them",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Noble",
    "given": "Benjamin S."
   },
   {
    "family": "Carlson",
    "given": "Taylor N."
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Political Behavior",
  "volume": "47",
  "issue": "1",
  "page": "435-456",
  "DOI": "10.1007/s11109-024-09957-3",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s11109-024-09957-3",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "peterkabenton2025conspiracy",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "From conspiracy to normalcy: The mainstreaming of QAnon in “Disney grooming” messages online",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Peterka-Benton",
    "given": "Daniela"
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   {
    "family": "Benton",
    "given": "Bond"
   },
   {
    "family": "Penney",
    "given": "Joel"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal",
  "volume": "21",
  "issue": "2",
  "page": "169-186",
  "DOI": "10.1177/17416590241257862",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/17416590241257862",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "phillips2025worried",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "“I’m so worried about my whole family”: Modeling r/QAnonCasualties to better understand the effects of (QAnon) conspiracy beliefs on families",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Phillips",
    "given": "Justin B."
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Social and Personal Relationships",
  "volume": "42",
  "issue": "7",
  "page": "1517-1536",
  "DOI": "10.1177/02654075251328116",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075251328116",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "sandlin2025support",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Support for Partisan Violence among the Political Fringe: The Case of Antifa and QAnon Supporters",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Sandlin",
    "given": "Evan W."
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   {
    "family": "Garland",
    "given": "Marshall"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Terrorism and Political Violence",
  "volume": "37",
  "issue": "5",
  "page": "707-726",
  "DOI": "10.1080/09546553.2024.2365764",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2024.2365764",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "speakman2025start",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "“It May Start Out as a Game But It Ends up a Whole World”: Creepypasta, QAnon, and the Anomalous Tales of the Internet",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Speakman",
    "given": "Philip"
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  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
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   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Contemporary Legend",
  "volume": "3",
  "URL": "https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/cl/article/view/41601",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "sweetser2025battle",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Battle cry to “Do the research”: Vulnerability to QAnon, Alt Media, and low news media literacy",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Sweetser",
    "given": "Kaye D."
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   {
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  "id": "bleakley2023panic",
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  "id": "cacopardi2023qanon",
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  "id": "celestini2023reviving",
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  "id": "conner2023qanon",
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  "id": "farahmand2023pastel",
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  "id": "foertsch2023asymmetric",
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  "id": "himelboim2023what",
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  "id": "hodges2023taxonomizing",
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  "id": "jones2023sheeple",
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  "id": "jordan2023aliens",
  "type": "article-journal",
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  "id": "kim2023information",
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  "id": "lukito2023doublespeak",
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  "id": "moran2023navigating",
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  "id": "moskalenko2023secondhand",
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  "id": "rochecarcel2023religious",
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 {
  "id": "dezeeuw2023godtier",
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 {
  "id": "beauchamp2022evangelical",
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 {
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  "id": "engel2022characterizing",
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     2022
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  "language": "en"
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  "id": "fitzgerald2022conspiracy",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Conspiracy, anxiety, ontology: Theorising QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Fitzgerald",
    "given": "James"
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022
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  "id": "hodson2022lost",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Lost in the Information Maze: Understanding the Multiple Drivers of QAnon Online Conspiracy Theories",
  "author": [
   {
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    "given": "Jaigris"
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     2022
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  "id": "lee2022storm",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Storm the Capitol: Linking Offline Political Speech and Online Twitter Extra-Representational Participation on QAnon and the January 6 Insurrection",
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  "id": "levin2022validating",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Validating and testing a measure of anti‐semitism on support for QAnon and vote intention for Trump in 2020",
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     2022
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  "id": "mcintosh2022sinister",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "The sinister signs of QAnon: Interpretive agency and paranoid truths in alt‐right oracles",
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   {
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  "id": "morelock2022nexus",
  "type": "article-journal",
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   {
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  "id": "pasquetto2022disinformation",
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  "id": "robertson2022how",
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  "title": "How conspiracy theorists argue: epistemic capital in the QAnon social media sphere",
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  "id": "robie2022new",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "FRONTLINE 1: New Zealand’s 23-day Parliament siege: QAnon and how social media disinformation manufactured an ‘alternate reality’",
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 {
  "id": "rothschild2022qanon",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "QAnon et le futur de la politique américaine",
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 {
  "id": "uscinski2022getting",
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 {
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 {
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 {
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 {
  "id": "zihiri2022qanon",
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 {
  "id": "bracewell2021gender",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Gender, Populism, and the QAnon Conspiracy Movement",
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 {
  "id": "fehr2021verschworungsmythen",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Verschwörungsmythen am Beispiel von QAnon und Neue Weltordnung – Eine rekonstruktive Metaphernanalyse",
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 {
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 },
 {
  "id": "guenoun2021mouvance",
  "type": "article-journal",
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 {
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 {
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 {
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 {
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 {
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  "type": "article-journal",
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 {
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 {
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  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Characterizing Social Imaginaries and Self-Disclosures of Dissonance in Online Conspiracy Discussion Communities",
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 {
  "id": "priniski2021rise",
  "type": "article-journal",
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 {
  "id": "tollefson2021tracking",
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "Tracking QAnon: how Trump turned conspiracy-theory research upside down",
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 {
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  "type": "article-journal",
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 {
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  "title": "La gran conspiración de QAnon: Y otras teorías delirantes de la era Trump",
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  "id": "wuming2022q",
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  "id": "audureau2021dans",
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  "id": "rothschild2021storm",
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  "title": "Republic of Lies: American Conspiracy Theorists and Their Surprising Rise to Power",
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  "title": "Conspiracy Theories and the People Who Believe Them",
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    "family": "Uscinski",
    "given": "Joseph E."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2018
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780190844073.001.0001",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190844073.001.0001",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "barkun2013culture",
  "type": "book",
  "title": "A Culture of Conspiracy: Apocalyptic Visions in Contemporary America",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Barkun",
    "given": "Michael"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2013
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of California Press",
  "DOI": "10.1525/9780520956520",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520956520",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "festinger1956when",
  "type": "book",
  "title": "When Prophecy Fails: A Social and Psychological Study of a Modern Group That Predicted the Destruction of the World",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Festinger",
    "given": "Leon"
   },
   {
    "family": "Riecken",
    "given": "Henry W."
   },
   {
    "family": "Schachter",
    "given": "Stanley"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     1956
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of Minnesota Press",
  "URL": "https://openlibrary.org/works/OL4788695W",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "argentino2026explaining",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Explaining QAnon as Lived Religion",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Peels",
    "given": "Rik"
   },
   {
    "family": "Dawson",
    "given": "Lorne L."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Explaining Extreme Belief and Behavior",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "page": "287-308",
  "DOI": "10.1093/9780197768914.003.0014",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197768914.003.0014",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ebner2026case",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "15. Case Study: QAnon Groups",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ebner",
    "given": "Julia"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Language of Terrorists: Distinguishing Trolls from Violent Extremists",
  "publisher": "Columbia University Press",
  "page": "115-130",
  "DOI": "10.7312/ebne21440-019",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.7312/ebne21440-019",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "haiven2026derivative",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Derivative Fascisms and Conspiracy Play",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Haiven",
    "given": "Max"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Player and the Played",
  "publisher": "The MIT Press",
  "page": "63-92",
  "DOI": "10.7551/mitpress/16008.003.0005",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/16008.003.0005",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "moskalenko2026psychology",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Psychology of QAnon and Its Role in Radicalization to Political Violence",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Moskalenko",
    "given": "Sophia"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "McCauley",
    "given": "Clark R."
   },
   {
    "family": "Moskalenko",
    "given": "Sophia"
   },
   {
    "family": "Scott Ligon",
    "given": "Gina"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "De Gruyter Handbook of the Psychology of Terrorism",
  "publisher": "De Gruyter",
  "page": "499-512",
  "DOI": "10.1515/9783111444529-043",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111444529-043",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "thorpe2026pandemic",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Pandemic pressure",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Thorpe",
    "given": "Chelsea"
   },
   {
    "family": "Winston",
    "given": "David"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Routledge International Handbook on Social Exclusion and Radicalisation",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "59-67",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003488521-7",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003488521-7",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "turgeon2026influence",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "L'influence de QAnon au Québec, d'Alexis Cossette-Trudel à Éric Duhaime: Signes d'une américanisation de la culture politique québécoise?",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Turgeon",
    "given": "Alexandre"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Gagnon",
    "given": "Frédérick"
   },
   {
    "family": "Kirkey",
    "given": "Christopher"
   },
   {
    "family": "Paquin",
    "given": "Stéphane"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "La relation Québec-États-Unis",
  "publisher": "Presses de l'Université Laval",
  "page": "389-408",
  "DOI": "10.2307/jj.38401867.21",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.38401867.21",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "vint2026political",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Political Cosplay: QAnon, White Squall, and Narrative Politics",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Vint",
    "given": "Sherryl"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Banerjee",
    "given": "Anindita"
   },
   {
    "family": "Vint",
    "given": "Sherryl"
   },
   {
    "family": "Higgins",
    "given": "David M."
   },
   {
    "family": "Carroll",
    "given": "Jordan S."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Reactionary Worldbuilding",
  "publisher": "The MIT Press",
  "page": "193-224",
  "DOI": "10.7551/mitpress/17000.003.0013",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/17000.003.0013",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "vanrijn2026game",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "This is not a game, learn to play the game",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "van Rijn",
    "given": "Nick"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Playing Politics in Digital Spaces",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "139-151",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003629542-11",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003629542-11",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "argentino2025silence",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Silence of Q",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
   },
   {
    "family": "Celestini",
    "given": "Carmen"
   },
   {
    "family": "Amarasingam",
    "given": "Amarnath"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Contemporary Far-Right Culture: The Art, Music, and Everyday Practices of Violent Extremism",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "1-18",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003425816-1",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003425816-1",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "bodner2025qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon in Four Pieces: Toward a Folkloric Understanding of a Superconspiracy",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Bodner",
    "given": "John"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Fivecoate",
    "given": "Jesse A."
   },
   {
    "family": "Kitta",
    "given": "Andrea"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Whispers in the Echo Chamber: Folklore and the Role of Conspiracy Theory in Contemporary Society",
  "publisher": "University of Wisconsin Press",
  "page": "90-118",
  "DOI": "10.2307/jj.23440248.9",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.23440248.9",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "burnett2025do",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "“Do Your Own Research”: Everyday Misinformation and Conspiracy in Online Information Worlds",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Burnett",
    "given": "Gary"
   },
   {
    "family": "Williams",
    "given": "Shannon"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Governing Misinformation in Everyday Knowledge Commons",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "188-213",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009255165.009",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255165.009",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ellis2025what",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "What History Tells Us about QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ellis",
    "given": "Bill"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Fivecoate",
    "given": "Jesse A."
   },
   {
    "family": "Kitta",
    "given": "Andrea"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Whispers in the Echo Chamber: Folklore and the Role of Conspiracy Theory in Contemporary Society",
  "publisher": "University of Wisconsin Press",
  "page": "23-49",
  "DOI": "10.2307/jj.23440248.6",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.23440248.6",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gruszko2025qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The QAnon theory and its international impact",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gruszko",
    "given": "Katarzyna"
   },
   {
    "family": "Gajewski",
    "given": "Tomasz"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Conspiracy Theories in International Relations",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "99-120",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003565604-7",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003565604-7",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "heering2025asthetik",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "4. Die Ästhetik von QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Heering",
    "given": "David"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Im Sog der Fiktionen: Zur Philosophie von Verschwörungstheorien",
  "publisher": "transcript Verlag",
  "page": "180-192",
  "DOI": "10.14361/9783839475140-036",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839475140-036",
  "language": "de"
 },
 {
  "id": "kreiss2025democratic",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Democratic Decay Within: The US Republican Party and QAnon as a Digital Surrogate",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kreiss",
    "given": "Daniel"
   },
   {
    "family": "Sugarman",
    "given": "Aaron"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Livingston",
    "given": "Steven"
   },
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Michael"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Connective Action and the Rise of the Far-Right",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "page": "90-121",
  "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780197794937.003.0004",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197794937.003.0004",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "lukito2025how",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "How QAnon Developed from a Fringe Group to a Digital Surrogate for the GOP",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Lukito",
    "given": "Josephine"
   },
   {
    "family": "Yang",
    "given": "Yunkang"
   },
   {
    "family": "Kim",
    "given": "Sang Jung"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Livingston",
    "given": "Steven"
   },
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Michael"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Connective Action and the Rise of the Far-Right",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "page": "62-89",
  "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780197794937.003.0003",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197794937.003.0003",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "pates2025humanity",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "“For Humanity—Fight—Learn”: History in the QAnon Conspiracy",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pates",
    "given": "Harrison"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Tebaldi",
    "given": "Catherine"
   },
   {
    "family": "Plum",
    "given": "Alistair"
   },
   {
    "family": "Purschke",
    "given": "Christoph"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Conspiracy as Genre: Narrative, Power, and Circulation",
  "publisher": "Bloomsbury Publishing Plc",
  "page": "53-72",
  "DOI": "10.5040/9781350467903.ch-004",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350467903.ch-004",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ruffini2025qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ruffini",
    "given": "Joseph A."
   },
   {
    "family": "Ruffini",
    "given": "Patricia A."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "U.S. Domestic and Transnational Terrorism",
  "publisher": "CRC Press",
  "page": "257-261",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003627821-24",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003627821-24",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "sayers2025do",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "\"Do You Believe in Coincidences?\": Digital Breadcrumbing in QAnon Forum Posts",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Sayers",
    "given": "Addie"
   },
   {
    "family": "Passmore",
    "given": "Ellie J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Egerland",
    "given": "Hanson"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Vásquez",
    "given": "Camilla"
   },
   {
    "family": "Chovanec",
    "given": "Jan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Experiencing Digital Discourses",
  "publisher": "Springer Nature Switzerland",
  "page": "287-317",
  "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-031-77460-7_10",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77460-7_10",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "young2025qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon: Dark Fantasy and the Authoritarian Personality",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Young",
    "given": "Helen"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Critical Theory and the Authoritarian Personality",
  "publisher": "Edinburgh University Press",
  "page": "34-64",
  "DOI": "10.3366/edinburgh/9781399519458.003.0002",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781399519458.003.0002",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "baker2024future",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Future of Cults",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Baker",
    "given": "Stephanie Alice"
   },
   {
    "family": "McLaughlin",
    "given": "Eugene"
   },
   {
    "family": "Rojek",
    "given": "Chris"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Cults",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "141-149",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003335115-9",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003335115-9",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "barkun2024qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon, Conspiracies, and Religion",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Barkun",
    "given": "Michael"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press",
  "DOI": "10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.1239",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.1239",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "benasher2024sexual",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Sexual Innocence in Crisis-Justice Movements: A Political Theology",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ben-Asher",
    "given": "Noa"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Fischel",
    "given": "Joseph J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Cossman",
    "given": "Brenda"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Enticements: Queer Legal Studies",
  "publisher": "New York University Press",
  "page": "320-342",
  "DOI": "10.18574/nyu/9781479807635.003.0016",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479807635.003.0016",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "coduto2024interpersonal",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Interpersonal Relationships and Online Social Support in the QAnon Age",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Coduto",
    "given": "Kathryn D."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "American Conspiracism",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "101-116",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003459255-8",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003459255-8",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "finlayson2024save",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "‘We Have to Save the Children’",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Finlayson",
    "given": "Alan"
   },
   {
    "family": "Topinka",
    "given": "Robert"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Ethos, Technology, and AI in Contemporary Society",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "205-228",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781032688503-11",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032688503-11",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "giroux2024fascism",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Fascism, White Christian Nationalism, and QAnon Rising",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Giroux",
    "given": "Henry A."
   },
   {
    "family": "DiMaggio",
    "given": "Anthony R."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Fascism on Trial: Education and the Possibility of Democracy",
  "publisher": "Bloomsbury Publishing",
  "page": "117-126",
  "DOI": "10.5040/9781350421721.ch-8",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350421721.ch-8",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "heyes2024praying",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Praying on Fear",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Heyes",
    "given": "Michael E."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Demons in the USA",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "183-221",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003492542-7",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003492542-7",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "hughes2024first",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "First Thoughts on a Second Qoming",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hughes",
    "given": "Brian"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Selling the Sacred",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "122-136",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003342229-10",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003342229-10",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "lal2024qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon Extremist Propaganda: Using the Internet to Spread Hate",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Lal",
    "given": "Rollie"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Chasdi",
    "given": "Richard J."
   },
   {
    "family": "Sharan",
    "given": "Yair"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Issues of Terrorism in the Post-Coronavirus Era",
  "publisher": "Springer Nature Switzerland",
  "page": "187-199",
  "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-031-68542-2_11",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68542-2_11",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "martin2024borders",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Of Borders and Disorders",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Martin",
    "given": "Joshua D."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "American Conspiracism: An Interdisciplinary Exploration",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "234-254",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003459255-16",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003459255-16",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "pearce2024game",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "“This Is Not a Game”: Alternate Reality, Alternative Facts, and the January 6 Insurrection",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pearce",
    "given": "Celia"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Playframes: How Do We Know We Are Playing?",
  "publisher": "The MIT Press",
  "page": "217-252",
  "DOI": "10.7551/mitpress/15344.003.0020",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/15344.003.0020",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "raymondharris2024epistemology",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Epistemology of QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Raymond Harris",
    "given": "Keith"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "American Conspiracism: An Interdisciplinary Exploration",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "19-33",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003459255-3",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003459255-3",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "russell2024qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Russell",
    "given": "Francis"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Digital Media as Ambient Therapy: The Ecological Self between Resonance and Alienation",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "78-101",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781003215202-5",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003215202-5",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "tarzia2024satan",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Satan's ways are endless",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Tarzia",
    "given": "Fabio"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Conspiracy Theories in Contemporary Italy: Cultural Production and Political Uses",
  "publisher": "Routledge",
  "page": "120-140",
  "DOI": "10.4324/9781032704494-7",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032704494-7",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "toler2024saviour",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Saviour or Menace? Crowdsourcing Open Source Research and the Rise of QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Toler",
    "given": "Aric"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Open Source Investigations in the Age of Google",
  "publisher": "World Scientific (Europe)",
  "page": "152-170",
  "DOI": "10.1142/9781800614079_0008",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1142/9781800614079_0008",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "wendling2024qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon lives on and on",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wendling",
    "given": "Mike"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Day of Reckoning: How the Far Right Declared War on Democracy",
  "publisher": "Pluto Press",
  "page": "48-58",
  "DOI": "10.2307/jj.13286159.6",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.13286159.6",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ahmed2023social",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Social Network Analysis Techniques Using NodeXL for Analyzing Disinformation Related to QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ahmed",
    "given": "Wasim"
   },
   {
    "family": "Smith",
    "given": "Marc"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "216-233",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.018",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.018",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "amarasingam2023categorizing",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Categorizing QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Amarasingam",
    "given": "Amarnath"
   },
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
   },
   {
    "family": "Johnston",
    "given": "Dakota"
   },
   {
    "family": "Mosurinjohn",
    "given": "Sharday"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "271-290",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.022",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.022",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "bromley2023qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The QAnon Conspiracy Narrative: Understanding the Social Construction of Danger",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Bromley",
    "given": "David G."
   },
   {
    "family": "Richardson",
    "given": "James T."
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "159-175",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.014",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.014",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "green2023psychological",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Psychological Motives of QAnon Followers",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Green",
    "given": "Ricky"
   },
   {
    "family": "Trella",
    "given": "Carolina"
   },
   {
    "family": "Biddlestone",
    "given": "Mikey"
   },
   {
    "family": "Douglas",
    "given": "Karen M."
   },
   {
    "family": "Sutton",
    "given": "Robbie M."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "33-48",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.006",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.006",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "hellinger2023new",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "New Conspiracism, Fake News, and QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hellinger",
    "given": "Daniel C."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Conspiracies and Conspiracy Theories in the Age of Trump",
  "publisher": "Springer International Publishing",
  "page": "67-98",
  "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-031-44829-4_3",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44829-4_3",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "kaplan2023qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon and Social Media",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kaplan",
    "given": "Tatyana"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "195-215",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.017",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.017",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "langer2023zusammenhange",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Zusammenhänge zwischen antisemitischer Hundepfeifenpolitik und rechtsextremer Gewalt: Das Beispiel der George-Soros-Verschwörungstheorien und des QAnon-Kollektivs",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Langer",
    "given": "Armin"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Rechter Terrorismus: international – digital – analog",
  "publisher": "Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden",
  "page": "231-252",
  "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-658-40396-6_9",
  "language": "de"
 },
 {
  "id": "richardson2023recruitment",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "Recruitment to QAnon: Ordinary Persuasion and Human Agency or \"Brainwashing\"?",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Richardson",
    "given": "James T."
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "104-120",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.010",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.010",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "tangherlini2023qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon, Folklore, and Conspiratorial Consensus: A Case Study in the Computational Analysis of Conspiracy Theory Narratives",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Tangherlini",
    "given": "Timothy R."
   },
   {
    "family": "Shahsavari",
    "given": "Shadi"
   },
   {
    "family": "Holur",
    "given": "Pavan"
   },
   {
    "family": "Roychowdhury",
    "given": "Vwani"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "234-251",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.019",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.019",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "uscinski2023qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon and the Politics of 2020",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Uscinski",
    "given": "Joseph"
   },
   {
    "family": "Enders",
    "given": "Adam M."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "140-158",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.013",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.013",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "wright2023future",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "The Future of QAnon: Emergent Patterns of Social Movement Adaptation and Change",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wright",
    "given": "Jared M."
   },
   {
    "family": "Wright",
    "given": "Stuart A."
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Miller",
    "given": "Monica K."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Social Science of QAnon",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "page": "291-307",
  "DOI": "10.1017/9781009052061.023",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009052061.023",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "dastgeer2022qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon: The Networks of Misinformation and Conspiracy Theories on Social Media",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Dastgeer",
    "given": "Shugofa"
   },
   {
    "family": "Thapaliya",
    "given": "Rashmi"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Lipschultz",
    "given": "Jeremy Harris"
   },
   {
    "family": "Freberg",
    "given": "Karen"
   },
   {
    "family": "Luttrell",
    "given": "Regina"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Emerald Handbook of Computer-Mediated Communication and Social Media",
  "publisher": "Emerald Publishing Limited",
  "page": "251-268",
  "DOI": "10.1108/978-1-80071-597-420221015",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80071-597-420221015",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gambone2022qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon: Enemies inside the Gates",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gambone",
    "given": "Michael D."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Modern Conspiracies in America: Separating Fact from Fiction",
  "publisher": "Rowman & Littlefield Publishers",
  "page": "139-152",
  "DOI": "10.5771/9781538164648-139",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5771/9781538164648-139",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gomez2022desinformacao",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "DESINFORMAÇÃO NA INTERNET: FAKE NEWS DO QANON COMO REGIME DE INFORMAÇÃO",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gómez",
    "given": "Michelle Pacheco"
   },
   {
    "family": "Lubisco",
    "given": "Nídia Maria Lienert"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Ciências sociais aplicadas: Estado, organizações e desenvolvimento regional 3",
  "publisher": "Atena Editora",
  "page": "103-113",
  "DOI": "10.22533/at.ed.6592212129",
  "language": "pt"
 },
 {
  "id": "murru2022qanon",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "QAnon and Its Conspiracy Milieu: The Italian Case",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Murru",
    "given": "Maria Francesca"
   }
  ],
  "editor": [
   {
    "family": "Eslen-Ziya",
    "given": "Hande"
   },
   {
    "family": "Giorgi",
    "given": "Alberta"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Populism and Science in Europe",
  "publisher": "Springer International Publishing",
  "page": "163-184",
  "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-030-97535-7_8",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97535-7_8",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "argentino2021they",
  "type": "chapter",
  "title": "They Got It All under Control: QAnon, Conspiracy Theories, and the New Threats to Canadian National Security",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
   },
   {
    "family": "Amarasingam",
    "given": "Amarnath"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Stress Tested: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Canadian National Security (eds. Leah West, Thomas Juneau, Amarnath Amarasingam)",
  "publisher": "University of Calgary Press",
  "page": "15-32",
  "DOI": "10.1515/9781773852454-003",
  "URL": "https://ucalgary.scholaris.ca/items/80715ee9-3cc4-4e34-8ed4-a0fc0ac43daf",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "carmichael2024domestic",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Domestic Terrorism: How the US Legal System is Falling Short",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Carmichael",
    "given": "Camden"
   },
   {
    "family": "Buxton",
    "given": "Brooke"
   },
   {
    "family": "Hughes",
    "given": "Seamus"
   },
   {
    "family": "Braun",
    "given": "Clara"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "International Centre for Counter Terrorism",
  "DOI": "10.19165/2024.3813",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.19165/2024.3813",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "prri2024rise",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "The Rise and Impact of Q: The 2024 Election from the View of QAnon Believers",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "PRRI Staff"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024,
     11,
     4
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "PRRI Spotlight Analysis",
  "publisher": "PRRI",
  "URL": "https://prri.org/spotlight/the-rise-and-impact-of-q-the-2024-election-from-the-view-of-qanon-believers/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "prri2023threats",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Threats to American Democracy Ahead of an Unprecedented Presidential Election",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "PRRI"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023,
     10,
     25
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "American Values Survey 2023",
  "publisher": "PRRI",
  "URL": "https://www.prri.org/research/threats-to-american-democracy-ahead-of-an-unprecedented-presidential-election/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "adl2022after",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "After 18-Month Hiatus, New QAnon Posts Surface",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Anti-Defamation League"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     6,
     29
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "ADL Center on Extremism",
  "URL": "https://www.adl.org/resources/article/after-18-month-hiatus-new-qanon-posts-surface",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gallagher2022she",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "She Drops: How QAnon Conspiracy Theories Legitimize Coordinated and Targeted Gender Based Violence",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gallagher",
    "given": "Aoife"
   },
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
   },
   {
    "family": "Raja",
    "given": "Adnan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     10,
     10
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Institute for Strategic Dialogue",
  "URL": "https://www.isdglobal.org/publication/she-drops-how-qanon-conspiracy-theories-legitimize-coordinated-and-targeted-gender-based-violence/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "holnburger2022qvadis",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Q Vadis? The Spread of QAnon in the German-Speaking World",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Holnburger",
    "given": "Josef"
   },
   {
    "family": "Goedeke Tort",
    "given": "Maheba"
   },
   {
    "family": "Lamberty",
    "given": "Pia"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     3,
     31
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "CeMAS – Center für Monitoring, Analyse und Strategie",
  "URL": "https://cemas.io/en/publications/q-vadis-the-spread-of-qanon-in-the-german-speaking-world",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "orphanalytics2022computational",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Computational linguistics sheds new light on QAnon's identity",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "OrphAnalytics"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     2,
     19
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "OrphAnalytics SA",
  "URL": "https://www.orphanalytics.com/en/news/whitepaper202201",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "orphanalytics2022recent",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Ron Watkins confirmed as the most likely author of recent Q Drops",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "OrphAnalytics"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     10,
     16
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "OrphAnalytics SA",
  "URL": "https://www.orphanalytics.com/en/news/qanon-in-2022",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "prri2022persistence",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "The Persistence of QAnon in the Post-Trump Era: An Analysis of Who Believes the Conspiracies",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "PRRI"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     2,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "PRRI",
  "URL": "https://prri.org/research/the-persistence-of-qanon-in-the-post-trump-era-an-analysis-of-who-believes-the-conspiracies/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "prri2022beliefs",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon Beliefs Have Increased Since 2021 as Americans Are Less Likely to Reject Conspiracies",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "PRRI Staff"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     6,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "PRRI Spotlight Analysis",
  "publisher": "PRRI",
  "URL": "https://prri.org/spotlight/qanon-beliefs-have-increased-since-2021-as-americans-are-less-likely-to-reject-conspiracies/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "adl2021qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon: A Glossary",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Anti-Defamation League"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     21
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "ADL Center on Extremism",
  "URL": "https://www.adl.org/resources/article/qanon-glossary",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "graphika2021disqualified",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "DisQualified: Network Impact of Twitter's Latest QAnon Enforcement",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Graphika"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     22
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Graphika",
  "URL": "https://www.graphika.com/blogs/disqualified-network-impact-of-twitters-latest-qanon-enforcement",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "harfoush2021qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon, la culture numérique et les élections françaises : 3 éléments à prendre en compte",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Harfoush",
    "given": "Rahaf"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Conseil national du numérique",
  "URL": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210725223115/https://cnnumerique.fr/files/uploads/2021/CNNum_Note-QAnon-la-culture-numerique-et-les-elections-francaises_VF.pdf",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "holt2021qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon's hallmark catchphrases evaporating from the mainstream internet",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Holt",
    "given": "Jared"
   },
   {
    "family": "Rizzuto",
    "given": "Max"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     5,
     26
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Digital Forensic Research Lab (DFRLab), Atlantic Council",
  "URL": "https://dfrlab.org/2021/05/26/qanons-hallmark-catchphrases-evaporating-from-the-mainstream-internet/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "jensen2021qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon Offenders in the United States",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Jensen",
    "given": "Michael"
   },
   {
    "family": "Kane",
    "given": "Sheehan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "START, University of Maryland",
  "URL": "https://www.start.umd.edu/publication/qanon-offenders-united-states",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "prri2021understanding",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Understanding QAnon's Connection to American Politics, Religion, and Media Consumption",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "PRRI"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     5,
     27
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "PRRI",
  "URL": "https://prri.org/research/qanon-conspiracy-american-politics-report/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "soufan2021quantifying",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Quantifying The Q Conspiracy: A Data-Driven Approach to Understanding the Threat Posed by QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "The Soufan Center"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     4,
     19
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "The Soufan Center",
  "URL": "https://thesoufancenter.org/research/quantifying-the-q-conspiracy-a-data-driven-approach-to-understanding-the-threat-posed-by-qanon/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "aas2020qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon in Germany",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Amadeu Antonio Stiftung"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "de:hate report #01",
  "publisher": "Amadeu Antonio Stiftung",
  "URL": "https://www.amadeu-antonio-stiftung.de/en/publications/qanon-in-germany/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "blazina2020facts",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "5 facts about the QAnon conspiracy theories",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Blazina",
    "given": "Carrie"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     11,
     16
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Pew Research Center",
  "URL": "https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2020/11/16/5-facts-about-the-qanon-conspiracy-theories/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gallagher2020genesis",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "The Genesis of a Conspiracy Theory",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gallagher",
    "given": "Aoife"
   },
   {
    "family": "Davey",
    "given": "Jacob"
   },
   {
    "family": "Hart",
    "given": "Mackenzie"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     7,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Institute for Strategic Dialogue",
  "URL": "https://www.isdglobal.org/publication/the-genesis-of-a-conspiracy-theory/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "hopenothate2020qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon in the UK",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "HOPE not hate"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "HOPE not hate Charitable Trust",
  "URL": "https://www.hopenothate.org.uk/qanon-in-the-uk/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "isd2020boom",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "The Boom Before the Ban: QAnon and Facebook",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Institute for Strategic Dialogue"
   },
   {
    "literal": "NewsGuard"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     12,
     18
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Institute for Strategic Dialogue; NewsGuard",
  "URL": "https://www.isdglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/20201218-ISDG-NewsGuard-QAnon-and-Facebook.pdf",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ipsos2020more",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "More than 1 in 3 Americans believe a 'deep state' is working to undermine Trump",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Ipsos"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     12,
     30
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Ipsos",
  "URL": "https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/news-polls/npr-misinformation-123020",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "mcaweeney2020qtips",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Q-Tips: Measuring the Mainstreaming of QAnon During the Pandemic",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "McAweeney",
    "given": "Erin"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     9,
     2
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Graphika",
  "URL": "https://www.graphika.com/blogs/q-tips-measuring-the-mainstreaming-of-qanon-during-the-pandemic",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "pew2020most",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Most Americans who have heard of QAnon conspiracy theories say they are bad for the country and that Trump seems to support people who promote them",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Mitchell",
    "given": "Amy"
   },
   {
    "family": "Jurkowitz",
    "given": "Mark"
   },
   {
    "family": "Oliphant",
    "given": "J. Baxter"
   },
   {
    "family": "Shearer",
    "given": "Elisa"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     9,
     16
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Political Divides, Conspiracy Theories and Divergent News Sources Heading Into 2020 Election",
  "publisher": "Pew Research Center",
  "URL": "https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2020/09/16/most-americans-who-have-heard-of-qanon-conspiracy-theories-say-they-are-bad-for-the-country-and-that-trump-seems-to-support-people-who-promote-them/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "newsguard2020special",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Special Report: QAnon in Europe",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "NewsGuard"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "NewsGuard",
  "URL": "https://www.newsguardtech.com/special-report-qanon/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "orphanalytics2020style",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Style analysis by machine learning reveals that two authors likely shared the writing of QAnon's messages at two different periods in time",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "OrphAnalytics"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     12,
     15
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "OrphAnalytics SA",
  "URL": "https://www.orphanalytics.com/en/news/whitepaper202012",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "schaffner2020qanon",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "QAnon and Conspiracy Beliefs",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Schaffner",
    "given": "Brian F."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     6
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Institute for Strategic Dialogue",
  "URL": "https://www.isdglobal.org/publication/qanon-and-conspiracy-beliefs-3/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "smith2020interpreting",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "Interpreting Social Qs: Implications of the Evolution of QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Smith",
    "given": "Melanie"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     8,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Graphika",
  "URL": "https://www.graphika.com/reports/interpreting-social-qs-implications-of-the-evolution-of-qanon",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "smith2020house",
  "type": "report",
  "title": "House Intelligence Committee Hearing on Misinformation and Conspiracy Theories Online",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Smith",
    "given": "Melanie"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     15
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Graphika",
  "URL": "https://www.graphika.com/reports/house-intelligence-committee-hearing-on-misinformation-and-conspiracy-theories-online",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "soderlund2026qanon",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "QAnon spelar schack - Brädet är ditt huvud: En kvalitativ undersökning av hur QAnon rörelsen använder sig av visuell politisk kommunikation, i form av ett meme-inlägg, för att sprida en Pro-Trump ideologi",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Söderlund",
    "given": "Johanna"
   },
   {
    "family": "Steinsvik",
    "given": "Smilla"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Lund University",
  "URL": "https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9218507",
  "language": "sv"
 },
 {
  "id": "uca2026reading",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Reading the Bible with QAnon: Truth and Conspiracy in American Evangelicalism",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Uca",
    "given": "Eda Ruhiye"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2026
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Northwestern University",
  "DOI": "10.21985/n2-et5x-pa31",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.21985/n2-et5x-pa31",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "appleby2025trust",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Trust the Game: Gamification and the Rise of Online Conspiracy Theories",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Appleby",
    "given": "Margaret Fannon"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Virginia Tech",
  "URL": "https://hdl.handle.net/10919/124213",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ippolito2025red",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Red Pills, Rambo Jesus, and Righteous Digital Soldiers: The Relationship Between Memes, Religion, and On-Screen Storytelling in QAnon Communities",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ippolito",
    "given": "Heidi"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of Denver",
  "DOI": "10.56902/etdcrp.2025.131",
  "URL": "https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/2576/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "loertscher2025visions",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Visions of Politics: Mapping Ideological Resonance in QAnon's Global Diffusion",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Loertscher",
    "given": "Pierre"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of Chicago",
  "DOI": "10.6082/t4ww3-f4482",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.6082/t4ww3-f4482",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "mimizuka2025communities",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Communities of misinformation: Japanese QAnon conspiracy theorists and their online \"Watchers\"",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Mimizuka",
    "given": "Kayo"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "The University of Texas at Austin",
  "DOI": "10.26153/tsw/62868",
  "URL": "https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/handle/2152/135548",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "aubry2024qanon",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "QAnon en France : étude des perceptions et analyse des mécanismes de diffusion et d'adhésion aux théories conspirationnistes",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Aubry",
    "given": "Odessa"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Mémoire de Master 2 Journalisme numérique et nouvelles écritures (dir. Félix Luschka)",
  "publisher": "Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3",
  "URL": "https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-05058228v1",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "barbesino2024white",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "'White, God, and Country': Exploring the eschatological origins of QAnon in American history and its violent extremist nature.",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Barbesino",
    "given": "Nicola"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd",
  "URL": "http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/197714",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gatenheim2024national",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "National Heroes, Digital Soldiers, Vulnerable Children and all the Others: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Videos Communicating the QAnon Conspiracy Theory",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Gatenheim",
    "given": "Cecilia"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of Gothenburg",
  "URL": "https://hdl.handle.net/2077/80059",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "janousek2024interconnection",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Interconnection between the Republican party in the USA and the disinformation movement QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Janoušek",
    "given": "Hynek"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova",
  "URL": "http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-621273",
  "language": "cs"
 },
 {
  "id": "lindblom2024deep",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "The deep state and the COVID-19 hoax : The influence of the American conspiracy theory movement QAnon in Finnish online discussions",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Lindblom",
    "given": "Vera"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "University of Helsinki",
  "URL": "http://hdl.handle.net/10138/572111",
  "language": "fi"
 },
 {
  "id": "pachman2024vliv",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Vliv konspirační teorie QAnon na volby a politické dění v USA",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pachman",
    "given": "Vilém"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova",
  "URL": "http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-651519",
  "language": "cs"
 },
 {
  "id": "vestergaard2024fringe",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "From the Fringe to the Mainstream: The Impact of QAnon and Its Conspiratorial Narratives on Politics and Security in the United States",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Vestergaard",
    "given": "Mads"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2024
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova",
  "URL": "http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-678545",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "andrade2023qamoms",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "QAMOMS: Understanding How Women Shaped the QAnon Movement in the United States of America",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Andrade",
    "given": "Teresa M."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Naval Postgraduate School",
  "URL": "https://hdl.handle.net/10945/72316",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "revis2023our",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Our God's Appointed Ones: Using Eastern Cults to Predict Possible Paths for QAnon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Revis",
    "given": "Eric"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2023
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Harvard University Division of Continuing Education",
  "URL": "https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37377236",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "sandy2023sacred",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Sacred Bodies: Gendered Experiences within the QAnon Mythology",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Sandy",
    "given": "Brianna Nicole"
   }
  ],
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   "date-parts": [
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     2023
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  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova",
  "URL": "http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-538813",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "cantwell2022infonation",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Infonation, or How Americans Imagine(d) the QAnon Movement",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Cantwell",
    "given": "Ori Dranitzke"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
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   ]
  },
  "publisher": "Wesleyan University",
  "DOI": "10.14418/wes01.1.2525",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.14418/wes01.1.2525",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "miotto2022stand",
  "type": "thesis",
  "title": "Stand against the wiles of the devil. Interpreting QAnon as a Christian extremist movement",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Miotto",
    "given": "Nicolò"
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  ],
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022
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  "publisher": "Univerzita Karlova",
  "URL": "http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-512150",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "house2022final",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "Final Report of the Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol",
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   {
    "literal": "Select Committee to Investigate the January 6th Attack on the United States Capitol"
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022,
     12,
     22
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  "container-title": "H. Rept. 117-663, 117th Congress, 2nd Session",
  "publisher": "U.S. Government Publishing Office",
  "URL": "https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/GPO-J6-REPORT",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "twitter2021update",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "An update following the riots in Washington, DC",
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     2021,
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  "publisher": "Twitter Blog",
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  "id": "meta2020update",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "An Update to How We Address Movements and Organizations Tied to Violence",
  "author": [
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    "literal": "Meta"
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  "id": "house2020condemning",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "H.Res.1154 - Condemning QAnon and rejecting the conspiracy theories it promotes",
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   "date-parts": [
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     10,
     2
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  "container-title": "116th Congress",
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  "title": "Managing harmful conspiracy theories on YouTube",
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     2020,
     10,
     15
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  "id": "fbi2019antigovernment",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "Anti-Government, Identity Based, and Fringe Political Conspiracy Theories Very Likely Motivate Some Domestic Extremists to Commit Criminal, Sometimes Violent Activity",
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   {
    "family": "Federal Bureau of Investigation",
    "given": "Phoenix Field Office"
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   "date-parts": [
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     2019,
     5,
     30
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  "container-title": "FBI Intelligence Bulletin",
  "URL": "https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Anti-Government,_Identity_Based,_and_Fringe_Political_Conspiracy_Theories_Very_Likely_Motivate_Some_Domestic_Extremists_to_Commit_Criminal,_Sometimes_Violent_Activity",
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  "id": "wwg1wga2019qanon",
  "type": "document",
  "title": "QAnon: An Invitation to The Great Awakening",
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   {
    "literal": "WWG1WGA"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2019
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  "publisher": "Relentlessly Creative Books",
  "URL": "https://openlibrary.org/works/OL19093516W",
  "language": "en"
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  "title": "How the QAnon movement entered mainstream politics – and why the silence on Epstein files matters",
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    "family": "Jipson",
    "given": "Art"
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     2025
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  "DOI": "10.64628/aai.v9qmyruwu",
  "URL": "https://theconversation.com/how-the-qanon-movement-entered-mainstream-politics-and-why-the-silence-on-epstein-files-matters-261316",
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  "id": "matthews2024descartes",
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  "title": "Descartes and the deep state: what 17th-century philosophy reveals about Trump and QAnon",
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     2024
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  "DOI": "10.64628/ab.s4wc4d3ve",
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  "id": "coromines2023mariage",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Le mariage entre New Age et QAnon va (toujours) bien, merci pour lui",
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    "family": "Coromines",
    "given": "Laure"
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     11,
     24
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  "container-title": "L'ADN",
  "URL": "https://www.ladn.eu/nouveaux-usages/le-mariage-entre-new-age-et-qanon-va-toujours-bien-merci-pour-lui/",
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  "id": "dover2023qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon is spreading outside the US – a conspiracy theory expert explains what that could mean",
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     6
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  "container-title": "The Conversation",
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  "DOI": "10.64628/ab.hrfh3y77u",
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  "id": "aidarbekova2022russia",
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  "title": "Russia’s QAnon Followers Can’t Make Up Their Minds About Ukraine",
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    "family": "Aidarbekova",
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     2022,
     4,
     15
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  "id": "audureau2022an",
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  "title": "Un an après l’attaque du Capitole, la communauté QAnon morcelée, mais toujours influente",
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    "family": "Audureau",
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022,
     1,
     7
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  "container-title": "Le Monde",
  "URL": "https://www.lemonde.fr/les-decodeurs/article/2022/01/07/un-an-apres-l-attaque-du-capitole-la-communaute-qanon-balkanisee-mais-toujours-influente_6108607_4355770.html",
  "language": "fr"
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  "id": "authier2022qui",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Qui se trouve derrière QAnon? La stylométrie a peut-être la réponse",
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    "family": "Authier",
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022,
     2,
     22
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  "container-title": "RTS Info",
  "URL": "https://www.rts.ch/info/monde/12886758-qui-se-trouve-derriere-qanon-la-stylometrie-a-peutetre-la-reponse.html",
  "language": "fr"
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  "id": "beigang2022qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon in Deutschland: Jeder Zehnte glaubt an die Verschwörungsideologie",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Beigang",
    "given": "Maxi"
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022,
     4,
     1
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  "container-title": "Berliner Zeitung",
  "URL": "https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/article/220171",
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  "id": "kirkpatrick2022who",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Who Is Behind QAnon? Linguistic Detectives Find Fingerprints",
  "author": [
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    "family": "Kirkpatrick",
    "given": "David D."
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   "date-parts": [
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     2022,
     2,
     19
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  "container-title": "The New York Times",
  "URL": "https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/19/technology/qanon-messages-authors.html",
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  "id": "lighthouse2022tracking",
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  "title": "Tracking QAnon in Europe",
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    "literal": "Lighthouse Reports"
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   {
    "literal": "Bellingcat"
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     2022,
     10,
     5
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  "container-title": "Lighthouse Reports",
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  "id": "mossou2022qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "As QAnon Falters, European Followers Flock to a Financial Conspiracy",
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    "family": "Mossou",
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   {
    "family": "Geiger",
    "given": "Gabriel"
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     2022,
     12,
     21
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  "container-title": "Bellingcat",
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  "id": "reynaud2022comment",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Comment les théories conspirationnistes de QAnon se déversent sur l’Europe",
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   {
    "family": "Reynaud",
    "given": "Florian"
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   {
    "family": "Brandy",
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     2022,
     10,
     13
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  "container-title": "Le Monde",
  "URL": "https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2022/10/13/comment-les-theories-conspirationnistes-de-qanon-se-deversent-sur-l-europe_6145699_4408996.html",
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  "id": "storchan2022comment",
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  "title": "Comment nous avons trouvé qui était derrière QAnon",
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    "family": "Storchan",
    "given": "Victor"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     3,
     18
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  "container-title": "Le Grand Continent",
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  "id": "yeung2022qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon members in Japan sentenced for breaking into Covid vaccination centers",
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   {
    "family": "Sukegawa",
    "given": "Tetsu"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022,
     12,
     23
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  "container-title": "CNN",
  "URL": "https://edition.cnn.com/2022/12/23/asia/japan-qanon-yamatoq-sentenced-intl-hnk/index.html",
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  "id": "argentino2021qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon et l'assaut du Capitole : l'effet réel des théories du complot en ligne",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     7
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  "container-title": "The Conversation (France)",
  "DOI": "10.64628/aap.kfpff743d",
  "URL": "https://theconversation.com/qanon-et-lassaut-du-capitole-leffet-reel-des-theories-du-complot-en-ligne-152853",
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 {
  "id": "conspiracywatch2021qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon dans le collimateur d'une mission sur les dérives sectaires",
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   "date-parts": [
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     2021,
     1,
     16
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  "container-title": "Conspiracy Watch",
  "URL": "https://www.conspiracywatch.info/qanon-dans-le-collimateur-dune-mission-sur-les-derives-sectaires.html",
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  "id": "eder2021transatlantic",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Transatlantic Convergence or Divergence? QAnon after January Twentieth",
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    "family": "Eder",
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    "family": "Firsova",
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     2,
     12
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  "container-title": "Wilson Center",
  "URL": "https://infosphereinvaders.wilsoncenter.org/article/transatlantic-convergence-or-divergence-qanon-after-january-twentieth",
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 {
  "id": "gilbert2021qanon",
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  "title": "QAnon Is So Big in France That Even the Government Is Worried",
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   {
    "family": "Gilbert",
    "given": "David"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     2,
     22
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  "container-title": "Vice",
  "URL": "https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7a9gx/qanon-is-so-big-in-france-that-even-the-government-is-worried",
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  "id": "mace2021qanons",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Les QAnons français : qui sont-ils ?",
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   {
    "family": "Macé",
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   {
    "family": "Plottu",
    "given": "Pierre"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     8,
     4
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  "container-title": "Conspiracy Watch",
  "URL": "https://www.conspiracywatch.info/les-qanons-francais-qui-sont-ils.html",
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  "id": "montgomery2021japanese",
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  "title": "Japanese QAnon Supporters Are (Still) Seeking Salvation in Trump",
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   {
    "family": "Montgomery",
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     8
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  "container-title": "Vice",
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  "id": "muggah2021brazil",
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  "title": "In Brazil, QAnon Has a Distinctly Bolsonaro Flavor",
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   {
    "family": "Muggah",
    "given": "Robert"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     2,
     12
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  "container-title": "Instituto Igarapé",
  "URL": "https://igarape.org.br/in-brazil-qanon-has-a-distinctly-bolsonaro-flavor/",
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  "id": "rupar2021trump",
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    "family": "Rupar",
    "given": "Verica"
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   {
    "family": "De Smedt",
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     19
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  "container-title": "The Conversation",
  "publisher": "The Conversation Media Group Ltd",
  "DOI": "10.64628/aa.e4wgfqsqq",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "qorigins2021how",
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  "title": "How Q's 'Lost Drops' Undermine the QAnon Myth",
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   {
    "literal": "The Q Origins Project"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     4,
     22
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  "container-title": "Bellingcat",
  "URL": "https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2021/04/22/how-qs-lost-drops-undermine-the-qanon-myth/",
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 {
  "id": "tian2021qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "The QAnon Timeline: Four Years, 5,000 Drops and Countless Failed Prophecies",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Tian",
    "given": "Edward"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     1,
     29
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  "container-title": "Bellingcat",
  "URL": "https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2021/01/29/the-qanon-timeline/",
  "language": "en"
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  "id": "wheeldon2021stakes",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "'Stakes are high' as QAnon conspiracy phenomenon emerges in France",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wheeldon",
    "given": "Tom"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     2,
     20
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  "container-title": "France 24",
  "URL": "https://www.france24.com/en/france/20210220-stakes-are-high-as-qanon-conspiracy-phenomenon-emerges-in-france",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "wild2021toy",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Toy Rabbits, Chemtrails and German QAnon Fanatics: How Not to Conduct Open Source Investigations",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Wild",
    "given": "Johanna"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
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     24
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  "container-title": "Bellingcat",
  "URL": "https://www.bellingcat.com/news/2021/11/24/toy-rabbits-chemtrails-and-german-qanon-fanatics-how-not-to-conduct-open-source-investigations/",
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 {
  "id": "afp2020mouvance",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "La mouvance QAnon, née dans les milieux pro-Trump, est en train de se répandre en Europe: \"Des signaux inquiétants\"",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "AFP"
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   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
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     14
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  "container-title": "La Libre",
  "URL": "https://www.lalibre.be/international/europe/la-mouvance-qanon-nee-dans-les-milieux-pro-trump-est-en-train-de-se-repandre-en-europe-des-signaux-inquietants-5f5f52a49978e2322ffa3000",
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 {
  "id": "argentino2020qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon est banni de Facebook, mais la bataille contre les théories du complot n'est pas gagnée",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Argentino",
    "given": "Marc-André"
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  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
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     2020,
     10,
     20
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Conversation",
  "publisher": "The Conversation Media Group Ltd",
  "DOI": "10.64628/aap.q36qxhduk",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "bbc2020what",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "What is QAnon?",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "BBC Reality Check"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     7,
     22
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "BBC News",
  "URL": "https://www.bbc.com/news/53498434",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "greenwood2020how",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "How QAnon conspiracy theory memes are spreading on Facebook in the UK",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Greenwood",
    "given": "Sue"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     9,
     25
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Conversation",
  "publisher": "The Conversation Media Group Ltd",
  "DOI": "10.64628/ab.pfxeys67p",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "kovac2020how",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "How Canada became one of the world's biggest hubs for QAnon conspiracy theories",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kovac",
    "given": "Adam"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     11,
     3
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "CTV News Montreal",
  "URL": "https://www.ctvnews.ca/montreal/article/how-canada-became-one-of-the-worlds-biggest-hubs-for-qanon-conspiracy-theories/",
  "language": "en"
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 {
  "id": "lafrance2020prophecies",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "The Prophecies of Q",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "LaFrance",
    "given": "Adrienne"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     5,
     14
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Atlantic (June 2020 issue)",
  "URL": "https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/06/qanon-nothing-can-stop-what-is-coming/610567/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "leloup2020qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "QAnon : aux racines de la théorie conspirationniste qui contamine l'Amérique",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Leloup",
    "given": "Damien"
   },
   {
    "family": "Brandy",
    "given": "Grégor"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     14
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Le Monde",
  "URL": "https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/10/14/qanon-aux-racines-de-la-theorie-conspirationniste-qui-contamine-l-amerique_6055921_4408996.html",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "leloup2020france",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "En France, la mouvance conspirationniste QAnon gagne des adeptes",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Leloup",
    "given": "Damien"
   },
   {
    "family": "Brandy",
    "given": "Grégor"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     14
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Le Monde",
  "URL": "https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2020/10/14/en-france-la-mouvance-conspirationniste-qanon-gagne-des-adeptes_6055916_4408996.html",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "montpetit2020anti",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Anti-mask protest in Montreal draws large crowd, propelled by U.S. conspiracy theories",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Montpetit",
    "given": "Jonathan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     9,
     12
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "CBC News",
  "URL": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/anti-mask-protest-montreal-1.5722033",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "montpetit2020quebec",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Quebec conspiracy theorist kicked off YouTube for spreading COVID-19 misinformation",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Montpetit",
    "given": "Jonathan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     15
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "CBC News",
  "URL": "https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/youtube-radio-qu%C3%A9bec-qanon-1.5763413",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "nos2020twitter",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Twitter verwijdert negentig Nederlandse QAnon-accounts",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "NOS"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     11,
     3
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "NOS",
  "URL": "https://nos.nl/artikel/2355035-twitter-verwijdert-negentig-nederlandse-qanon-accounts",
  "language": "nl"
 },
 {
  "id": "nalon2020como",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Como a narrativa QAnon pode moldar o discurso político no Brasil",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Nalon",
    "given": "Tai"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     9,
     8
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Aos Fatos",
  "URL": "https://www.aosfatos.org/noticias/como-narrativa-qanon-pode-moldar-o-discurso-politico-no-brasil/",
  "language": "pt"
 },
 {
  "id": "parismatch2020mouvance",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "\"La mouvance QAnon a eu une véritable accélération du fait de Donald Trump\"",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Paris Match Belgique"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     30
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Paris Match Belgique",
  "URL": "https://www.parismatch.be/actualites/societe/2020/10/30/la-mouvance-qanon-a-eu-une-veritable-acceleration-du-fait-de-donald-trump-JX72VU3IHRHIXMIQHB5CUQSBX4/",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "pezet2020france",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "En France aussi, la chasse à QAnon est ouverte",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Pezet",
    "given": "Jacques"
   },
   {
    "family": "Nass",
    "given": "Claire-Line"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     10
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Libération",
  "URL": "https://www.liberation.fr/france/2020/10/10/en-france-aussi-la-chasse-a-qanon-est-ouverte_1801907",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "ross2020why",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Why QAnon is attracting so many followers in Australia — and how it can be countered",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ross",
    "given": "Kaz"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     8,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Conversation",
  "publisher": "The Conversation Media Group Ltd",
  "DOI": "10.64628/aa.d3vt63v9h",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "sauvage2020mouvance",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "La mouvance complotiste QAnon essaime en Europe sur fond de crise du Covid-19",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Sauvage",
    "given": "Grégoire"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     15
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "France 24",
  "URL": "https://www.france24.com/fr/europe/20201015-la-mouvance-complotiste-qanon-essaime-en-europe-sur-fond-de-crise-du-covid-19",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "thevenet2020fanfiction",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Et si le mouvement complotiste américain QAnon était une fanfiction ?",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Thévenet",
    "given": "Elisa"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     11,
     26
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Le Monde",
  "URL": "https://www.lemonde.fr/livres/article/2020/11/26/et-si-le-mouvement-complotiste-americain-qanon-etait-une-fanfiction_6061172_3260.html",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "wuming2020monde",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Le monde de QAnon. Première partie",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Wu Ming 1"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     10,
     1
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Le Grand Continent",
  "URL": "https://legrandcontinent.eu/fr/2020/10/01/le-monde-de-qanon-1/",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "rothschild2018qanon",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Q Anon jargon, explained",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Rothschild",
    "given": "Mike"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2018,
     7,
     4
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "The Daily Dot",
  "URL": "https://dailydot.com/q-anon-jargon-explained",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "zadrozny2018how",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "How three conspiracy theorists took 'Q' and sparked Qanon",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Zadrozny",
    "given": "Brandy"
   },
   {
    "family": "Collins",
    "given": "Ben"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2018,
     8,
     14
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "NBC News",
  "URL": "https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/how-three-conspiracy-theorists-took-q-sparked-qanon-n900531",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "conspiracywatchsojli",
  "type": "article-newspaper",
  "title": "Léonard Sojli",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Conspiracy Watch"
   }
  ],
  "container-title": "Conspiracy Watch – L'Observatoire du conspirationnisme",
  "URL": "https://www.conspiracywatch.info/notice/leonard-sojli",
  "language": "fr"
 },
 {
  "id": "hoback2021q",
  "type": "motion_picture",
  "title": "Q: Into the Storm",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hoback",
    "given": "Cullen"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     3,
     21
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "HBO",
  "URL": "https://press.wbd.com/us/media-release/hbo-0/q-storm/hbos-q-storm-six-part-documentary-series-exploring-origins-qanon-debuts-march-21-0",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "ruest2025wwg1wga",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "#WWG1WGA tweets",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Ruest",
    "given": "Nick"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2025
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Zenodo",
  "DOI": "10.5281/zenodo.17081126",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17081126",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "mekacher2022cant",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "\"I Can't Keep It Up.\" A Dataset from the Defunct Voat.co News Aggregator",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Mekacher",
    "given": "Amin"
   },
   {
    "family": "Papasavva",
    "given": "Antonis"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2022
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
  "volume": "16",
  "page": "1302-1311",
  "DOI": "10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19382",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v16i1.19382",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "aliapoulios2021large",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "A Large Open Dataset from the Parler Social Network",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Aliapoulios",
    "given": "Max"
   },
   {
    "family": "Bevensee",
    "given": "Emmi"
   },
   {
    "family": "Blackburn",
    "given": "Jeremy"
   },
   {
    "family": "Bradlyn",
    "given": "Barry"
   },
   {
    "family": "De Cristofaro",
    "given": "Emiliano"
   },
   {
    "family": "Stringhini",
    "given": "Gianluca"
   },
   {
    "family": "Zannettou",
    "given": "Savvas"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
  "volume": "15",
  "page": "943-951",
  "DOI": "10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18117",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18117",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "codebreaker2021donald",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Donald Trump Tweets Dataset",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "CodeBreaker619"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Kaggle",
  "URL": "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/codebreaker619/donald-trump-tweets-dataset",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "start2021crimemaps",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "QAnon Crime Maps",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Jensen",
    "given": "Michael"
   },
   {
    "family": "Kane",
    "given": "Sheehan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021,
     9,
     24
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), University of Maryland",
  "URL": "https://www.start.umd.edu/data-tools/qanon-crime-maps",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "kingsman2021qanon",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "QAnon Posts Dataset (JSON-QAnon)",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Kingsman",
    "given": "Jack"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Kaggle / GitHub",
  "URL": "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/jkingsman/qanondrops",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "thomas2021german",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "German QAnon Telegram Dataset",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Thomas",
    "given": "W.F."
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2021
    ]
   ]
  },
  "publisher": "figshare",
  "DOI": "10.6084/m9.figshare.16879513",
  "URL": "https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/German_QAnon_Telegram_Dataset/16879513",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "baumgartner2020pushshift",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "The Pushshift Reddit Dataset",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Baumgartner",
    "given": "Jason"
   },
   {
    "family": "Zannettou",
    "given": "Savvas"
   },
   {
    "family": "Keegan",
    "given": "Brian"
   },
   {
    "family": "Squire",
    "given": "Megan"
   },
   {
    "family": "Blackburn",
    "given": "Jeremy"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
  "volume": "14",
  "page": "830-839",
  "DOI": "10.1609/icwsm.v14i1.7347",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v14i1.7347",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "hagen2020cross",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Cross-platform mentions of the QAnon conspiracy theory",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Hagen",
    "given": "Sal"
   },
   {
    "family": "Peeters",
    "given": "Stijn"
   },
   {
    "family": "Jokubauskaitė",
    "given": "Emilija"
   },
   {
    "family": "de Zeeuw",
    "given": "Daniël"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Zenodo",
  "DOI": "10.5281/zenodo.3758479",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3758479",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "papasavva2020raiders",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Raiders of the Lost Kek: 3.5 Years of Augmented 4chan Posts from the Politically Incorrect Board",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Papasavva",
    "given": "Antonis"
   },
   {
    "family": "Zannettou",
    "given": "Savvas"
   },
   {
    "family": "De Cristofaro",
    "given": "Emiliano"
   },
   {
    "family": "Stringhini",
    "given": "Gianluca"
   },
   {
    "family": "Blackburn",
    "given": "Jeremy"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2020,
     5,
     26
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
  "publisher": "Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)",
  "volume": "14",
  "DOI": "10.1609/icwsm.v14i1.7354",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v14i1.7354",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "fair2019shouting",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Shouting into the Void: A Database of the Alternative Social Media Platform Gab",
  "author": [
   {
    "family": "Fair",
    "given": "Gabriel"
   },
   {
    "family": "Wesslen",
    "given": "Ryan"
   }
  ],
  "issued": {
   "date-parts": [
    [
     2019
    ]
   ]
  },
  "container-title": "Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
  "volume": "13",
  "page": "608-610",
  "DOI": "10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3258",
  "URL": "https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v13i01.3258",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "gdeltproject",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "GDELT Event Database",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "The GDELT Project"
   }
  ],
  "URL": "https://www.gdeltproject.org/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "trumptwitterarchive",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Trump Twitter Archive",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Trump Twitter Archive"
   }
  ],
  "URL": "https://www.thetrumparchive.com/",
  "language": "en"
 },
 {
  "id": "wikimediapageviews",
  "type": "dataset",
  "title": "Wikimedia Analytics API: Pageviews",
  "author": [
   {
    "literal": "Wikimedia Foundation"
   }
  ],
  "URL": "https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/",
  "language": "en"
 }
]